Tissue Paper Production: Optimizing Forming Fabric Selection
Tissue Paper: Unique Forming Challenges
Tissue production at 14–22 gsm presents unique challenges for forming fabric selection. The extremely low basis weight sheet requires precise fiber support while maintaining high dewatering rates for productivity.
Key Requirements for Tissue Forming
Fiber Support Index (FSI): Must exceed 140 for stable sheet formation at low basis weights.
Dewatering Capacity: Tissue machines operating at 1,500–2,200 m/min require:
- Air permeability of 500–600 CFM
- Optimized open area for rapid drainage
- Minimal flow resistance through the fabric structure
Surface Smoothness: Directly affects finished tissue softness.
SSB Triple-Layer Forming Fabrics for Tissue
The preferred construction for modern tissue machines:
- Fine top layer — fiber support on the sheet side
- Coarse bottom layer — wear resistance on the machine side
- Binder weft yarns — structural integrity
Common Tissue Forming Issues
| Problem | Likely Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Pinholes | Insufficient fiber support | Increase fabric FSI |
| Sheet Breaks | Poor dewatering | Use higher CFM fabric |
| Formation Streaks | Uneven fabric wear | Check cleaning and tension |
| Low Bulk | Over-compaction | Reduce vacuum levels |
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